including contractor deaths in Kuwait (103), Jordan (36), Qatar (19), Saudi Arabia (23),
Syria (5), United Arab Emirates (13) and elsewhere which are included in the present
estimate. The figures here are an estimate of contractor deaths based on these DOL
numbers which calculates the additional number of unreported contractor deaths by
comparing the percentage of foreign contractors working for the US military in the
warzone with the much lower percentage of foreign contractors among the reported dead.
The multiplier reflecting this disparity is 2.15 times the DOL number.
There is uncertainty about the number of Afghan National Police and military deaths. This
estimate is based on several sources, including the Brookings Institution, “Afghanistan
Index”; The New York Times; and US Government, Special Inspector General Reports on
Afghanistan. The New York Times reported 13,729 Afghan National Security and Police
deaths from 2001 to 2014. See Nordland, Rod. (2014, March 3). War Deaths Top 13,000 in
Afghan Security Forces. The New York Times, Retrieved from
https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/04/world/asia/afghan-cabinet-releases-data-on-
deaths-of-security-personnel.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&smid=tw-nytimes&_r=0.
For trends see, Livingston, I.S., and O'Hanlon, M. (2017). Afghanistan Index, Figure 1.15, p.
12. Brookings, Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/afghanistan-index/. With the
US drawdown since 2014, Afghan military, police and other security forces have borne an
increasing share of the combat, and are now more exposed to militant attacks. See
Crawford, Neta C. (2015, May 22). War Related Death, Injury and Displacement in
Afghanistan and Pakistan 2001-2014:
https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/files/cow/imce/papers/2015/War%20Related%2
0Casualties%20Afghanistan%20and%20Pakistan%202001-2014%20FIN.pdf. In January
2017, the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) reported 6,785
Afghan National Defense and Security Forces (ANDSF) killed from January 1, 2016 to
November 12, 2016: https://www.sigar.mil/pdf/quarterlyreports/2017-01-30qr.pdf. US
Forces in Afghanistan began to classify these numbers in 2017 after previously releasing
them. See Gibbons-Neff, Thomas. (2017, October 30). Afghan War Data, Once Public, is
Censored in U.S. Military Report. The New York Times, Retrieved from
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/30/world/asia/afghanistan-war-redacted-
report.html; Nordland, Rod. (2018, September 21) The Death Toll for Afghan Forces is
Secret. Here’s Why. The New York Times, Retrieved from
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/21/world/asia/afghanistan-security-casualties-
taliban.html. In December 2017, the DOD reported that the “number of ANDSF casualties
suffered while conducting local patrols and checkpoint operations was similar to that of
2016,” while “the number of casualties in planned operations has decreased over the same
period.” Department of Defense, Enhancing Security and Stability in Afghanistan:
https://www.defense.gov/Portals/1/Documents/pubs/1225-Report-Dec-2017.pdf. See
Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR). (2018) SIGAR Quarterly
Report April 30, 2018. Retrieved from
https://www.sigar.mil/quarterlyreports/index.aspx?SSR=6.